Restless legs syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67667/NEU.v25i1.155Keywords:
restless legs syndrome, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, treatmentAbstract
Restless legs syndrome is a sensorimotor neurological disorder characterised by unpleasant sensations and an urge to move the limbs, occurring mainly at rest and in the evening and improving with movement. The prevalence of the disease is between 7 and 10% in the European population. Several mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, such as iron deficiency in the brain, dopaminergic dysfunction, glutamate and adenosine involvement. The treatment of the disease is non-pharmacological and pharmacological.
After initial assessment of iron status and proper correction of iron deficiency, two main classes of drugs are used to treat the syndrome – dopamine agonists and α2δ ligands. The risk of developing augmentation and impulse control disorders warrants an individualized approach to each individual patient suffering from restless legs syndrome.
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